The Second Great Awakening, which spread religion through revivals and emotional preaching, sparked a number of reform movements. They believed in the perfectibility of people and were highly moralistic in their endeavors. Second Great Awakening A series of religious revivals starting in 1801, based on Methodism and Baptism. Although many American Protestants lost interest in revivalism in the first half of the 20th century, tent revivals as well as annual revivals in churches in the South and Midwest continued to be an important feature of Protestant church life. By the late 1840s, however, the great day had receded to the distant future, and postmillennialism became a more passive religious dimension of the wider middle-class pursuit of reform and progress. The Methodist Church used circuit riders to reach people in frontier locations. "The Second Great Awakening in the Urban Centers: An Examination of Methodism and the 'New Measures, Cott, Nancy F. "Young Women in the Second Great Awakening in New England,". What were causes of the Second Great Awakening? [36], The greatest change in women's roles stemmed from participation in newly formalized missionary and reform societies. Known commonly as antebellum reform, this phenomenon included reforms against the consumption of alcohol, for women's rights and abolition of slavery, and a multitude of other issues faced by society. The Second Great Awakening - reform and religious movements Transcendentalism The development of an American culture Antebellum communal experiments This is the currently selected item. [7], In the early days of the nineteenth century, western New York State was called the "burned-over district" because of the highly publicized revivals that crisscrossed the region. The Second Great Awakening fought the perceived moral decay of society and charged What you need to know about the Second Great Awakening. A year later, in August 1801, an even larger sacrament occasion that is generally considered to be America's first camp meeting was held at Cane Ridge in Bourbon County, Kentucky, under Barton W. Stone (1772–1844) with numerous Presbyterian, Baptist, and Methodist ministers participating in the services. New religious movements emerged during the Second Great Awakening, such as Adventism, Dispensationalism, and the Latter Day Saint movement. [42] In the midst of shifts in theology and church polity, American Christians began progressive movements to reform society during this period. Various scholarly theories attribute the discrepancy to a reaction to the perceived sinfulness of youthful frivolity, an inherent greater sense of religiosity in women, a communal reaction to economic insecurity, or an assertion of the self in the face of patriarchal rule. Revivals were a key part of the movement and attracted hundreds of converts to new Protestant denominations. [41], Protestant religious revival in the early 19th-century United States, George M. Fredrickson, "The Coming of the Lord: The Northern Protestant Clergy and the Civil War Crisis," in. Each denomination had assets that allowed it to thrive on the frontier. The Methodist Church used circuit ridersto reach people in frontier locations. He sought instantaneous conversions through a variety of new and controversial methods. Barbara Leslie Epstein, The Politics of Domesticity. By the early 19th century, independent African-American congregations numbered in the several hundreds in some cities of the South, such as Charleston, South Carolina, and Richmond and Petersburg, Virginia. [12], The denominations that encouraged the revivals were based on an interpretation of man's spiritual equality before God, which led them to recruit members and preachers from a wide range of classes and all races. The Second Great Awakening led to a period of antebellum social reform and an emphasis on salvation by institutions. He believed everyone had the power to become perfect and free of sin. Second Great Awakening, Protestant religious revival in the United States from about 1795 to 1835. [15], The Revival of 1800 in Logan County, Kentucky, began as a traditional Presbyterian sacramental occasion. The Second Great Awakening Origins of Revivalism a. Churches with roots in this movement include the Churches of Christ, Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), and the Evangelical Christian Church in Canada. A primitive faith based on the Bible alone promised a way to sidestep the competing claims of the many denominations available and for congregations to find assurance of being right without the security of an established national church. The Second Great Awakening led to a period o… The Second Great Awakening took place in the new United States between 1790 and 1840. Generally considered less emotional than the Great Awakening of the early 18th century, the second wave of evangelical revivalism led to the founding of numerous colleges and seminaries and to the organization of mission societies across the country. [24]:368, Efforts to apply Christian teaching to the resolution of social problems presaged the Social Gospel of the late 19th century. A great review for AP US History students or anyone interested in United States History. Converts were taught that to achieve salvation they needed not just to repent personal sin but also work for the moral perfection of society, which meant eradicating sin in all its forms. During this revival, meetings were held in small towns and large cities throughout the country, and the unique frontier institution known as the camp meeting began. The first phase (1795–1810) was associated with frontier camp meetings conducted by American preachers James McGready, John McGee, and Barton W. Stone in Kentucky and Tennessee. Settlers in thinly populated areas gathered at the camp meeting for fellowship as well as worship. Moreover, under Finney’s aegis a rationale for carefully contrived revival techniques evolved. • The so-called "Great Awakening" was a movement characterized by fervent expressions of religious emotion among masses of people (strongest between 1730 and 1740) • GA wanted to get them to care again The GA people felt that people had lost sight of Religious life, and were too focused on business and wealth (which was wrong) The six-day gathering attracting perhaps as many as 20,000 people, although the exact number of attendees was not formally recorded. The Second Great Awakening lasted from 1790 to 1840. Pietism was sweeping Germanic countries[4] and evangelicalism was waxing strong in England.[5]. Definition of second great awakening in the Definitions.net dictionary. "Falling for the Lord: Shame, Revivalism, and the Origins of the Second Great Awakening.". This page was last edited on 10 February 2021, at 02:58. The camp meeting was a religious service of several days' length with preachers. While it occurred in all parts of the United States, it was especially strong in the Revivals were a key part of the movement and attracted hundreds of converts to new Protestant denominations. Meaning of second great awakening. Why was it significant? The second and more conservative phase of the awakening (1810–25) centred in the Congregational churches of New England under the leadership of theologians Timothy Dwight, Lyman Beecher, Nathaniel W. Taylor, and Asahel Nettleton. Religion competed with secularism by 1800 b. Timothy Dwight (grandson of Jonathan Edwards) c. New England was ground-zero for revivalism The Frontier Phase a. Protestant religious revival in the United States from about 1795 to 1835 It led to the founding of several well known colleges, seminaries and mission societies. This duty extended beyond American borders to include Christian Restorationism. [35] Women also took crucial roles in the conversion and religious upbringing of children. Blog Jan. 26, 2021 Five strategies to maximize your sales kickoff Jan. 26, 2021 Engage students in your virtual classroom with Prezi Video for Google Workspace Jan. 20, 2021 Over 1 million people now use Prezi Video Stephen Meardon, "From Religious Revivals to Tariff Rancor: Preaching Free Trade and Protection during the Second American Party System,". By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. The circuit riders came from among the common people, which helped them establish rapport with the frontier families they hoped to convert. Husbands, especially in the South, sometimes disapproved of their wives' conversion, forcing women to choose between submission to God or their spouses. However, women took other public roles; for example, relaying testimonials about their conversion experience, or assisting sinners (both male and female) through the conversion process. Activist religious groups provided both the leadership and the well-organized voluntary societies that drove the reform movements of the antebellum period such as abolition, temperance, etc. Social Gospel for APUSH® About the Author: Warren Hierl taught Advanced Placement U.S. History for twenty-eight years. As stated in the definition, the first great awakening refers to a period of time in the mid 18 th century marked by religious renewal. The Second Great Awakening was a Protestant religious revival during the early 19th century in the United States. 1800 – 1848 (Period 4): 135 Terms Political revolution, another war with Britain, a Second Great Awakening, and a country trudging towards Civil War. Mathews, Donald G. "The Second Great Awakening as an organizing process, 1780–1830: An hypothesis". passed laws requiring them always to have a white man present at their worship meetings. Washington Irving: famous American Author, Legends of Sleepy Hollow 2. [19], The Methodist circuit riders and local Baptist preachers made enormous gains in increasing church membership. Women's prayer groups were an early and socially acceptable form of women's organization. The Presbyterians and Methodists sponsored similar gatherings on a regular basis after the Revolution. [21], The Advent Movement emerged in the 1830s and 1840s in North America, and was preached by ministers such as William Miller, whose followers became known as Millerites. Baptists and Methodists in the South preached to slaveholders and slaves alike. Due to the efforts of such leaders as Stone and Alexander Campbell (1788–1866), the camp meeting revival spread religious enthusiasm and became a major mode of church expansion, especially for the Methodists and Baptists. The Methodists had an efficient organization that depended on itinerant ministers, known as "circuit riders", who sought out people in remote frontier locations. After first submitting to oversight by the established Methodist bishops, several AME congregations finally left to form the first independent African-American denomination in the United States in 1816.
Genesis Revisited Pdf, Ohio Casino Ban List, Are Lollipops Bad For Your Teeth, Do Kitchens And Bathrooms Need To Match, Small Block Mopar Turbo Headers,
Comments are closed.