[55], Dubrovnik's most beloved church is St Blaise's church, built in the 18th century in honour of Dubrovnik's patron saint. [17] The Republic reached its peak in the 15th and 16th centuries, when its thalassocracy rivalled that of the Republic of Venice and other Italian maritime republics. [53], The Old Town of Dubrovnik is depicted on the reverse of the Croatian 50 kuna banknote, issued in 1993 and 2002. Although it is entirely removed from the city, it is still a popular place to stay. Between the 14th and 19th centuries, Dubrovnik ruled itself as a free state. The term dubrovnik means the 'oakwood', as in all other Slavic languages the word dub, dàb, means 'oak' and dubrava, dąbrowa means the 'oakwood'. As for ethnicity there are Slavs and Illyrian-Albanians. Dubrovnik is a city of very rich history and heritage, boasting many Medieval buildings and monuments. Dubrovnik is one of the must-visit places for tourists in Croatia. With the fall of Austria-Hungary in 1918, the city was incorporated into the new Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes (later the Kingdom of Yugoslavia). Its forearm was for a long time the unit of measure in Dubrovnik: one ell of Dubrovnik is equal to 51.2 cm (20.2 in). Dubrovnik has a number of higher educational institutions. Therefore, the city of Dubrovnik is located in this town. Visit the Rector’s Palace, the Sponza Palace, the Orlando column and the Onofrio’s Fountain, the remarkable water supply system dating back to the 15th century. At that time there was also a colony of Dubrovnik in Fes in Morocco. [61] The Rector's Palace is a Gothic-Renaissance structure that displays finely carved capitals and an ornate staircase. After World War I, Dubrovnik became part of Croatia which itself was part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes which became Yugoslavia after World War II. This festival takes place in August offering many cultural, music and theatre events and shows. The HBO series Game of Thrones used Dubrovnik as a filming location, representing the cities of King's Landing and Qarth. That city centre. Italian and Venetian would become important languages of culture and trade in Dubrovnik. The ugly sides of Dubrovnik Most probably, if I'd visited Dubrovnik 10 years ago, there would have been no bad sides to it. If you’re visiting Croatia, Dubrovnik is one destination you must not miss. Water jets gush out of the mouth of the sixteen mascarons. The 31-metre-high (102 ft) Dubrovnik Bell Tower, built in 1444, is one of the symbols of the free city state of Ragusa. [38] Communist leadership during the next several years continued political prosecutions, which culminated on 12 April 1947 with the capture and imprisonment of more than 90 citizens of Dubrovnik. Typically, in July and August daytime maximum temperatures reach 28 °C (82 °F), and at night drop to around 23 °C (73 °F). A feature of Dubrovnik is its walls (1.3 million visitors in 2018), which run almost 2 kilometres (1.2 miles) around the city. [54] The St. Saviour Church is another remnant of the Renaissance period, next to the much-visited Franciscan Church and Monastery. In 1815, Dubrovnik joined other parts of Dalmatia and Croatia. The Statutes included prescriptions for town planning and the regulation of quarantine (for sanitary reasons).[18]. [27], After this, the Flag of Saint Blaise was flown alongside the Austrian and British colors, but only for two days because, on 30 January, General Milutinović ordered Mayor Sabo Giorgi to lower it. Putanec (1993) gives a review of etymological suggestion, and favours an explanation of the name as pre-Greek ("Pelasgian"), from a root cognate to Greek ῥαγή "fissure", with a suffix -ussa also found in the Greek name of Brač, Elaphousa.[6]. Travel tip: you can … It is located on the Adriatic Sea coast. Join a sea kayaking tour around Dubrovnik city walls or embark on a cycling tour of Konavle region. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. Dubrovnik is one of the most popular tourist destinations in the Mediterranean. The aid comes as part of the EU's civil protection mechanism, and several other countries are sending their aid, independently, from Serbia to Ukraine. A 20 km (12 mi) water supply system, instead of a cistern, was constructed in 1438 by the Neapolitan architect and engineer Onofrio della Cava. At the same time, Dubrovnik became a cradle of Croatian literature. Some say this is the most beautiful panoramic view in Europe! For other uses, see. The name is explained as a corruption of Lausa, the name of the rocky island on which the city was built (connected by Constantine to Greek λᾶας "rock, stone"). Learn more about the history, people, economy, and government of Croatia in … He has an importance similar to that of St. Mark the Evangelist to Venice. [22] In 1808 Marshal Marmont issued a proclamation abolishing the Republic of Ragusa and amalgamating its territory into the French Empire's client state, the Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy. Walk the ancient Dubrovnik city walls, enjoy spectacular views over the Adriatic & relax on Hvar’s sunny beaches. If you’re a fan of watersports, then Dubrovnik should … Starting from historic Split, you’ll walk the cobbled streets of Hvar and Korčula, and finish in spectacular Dubrovnik on this sailing tour. With such rich historical background, Dubrovnik provides the perfect vacation destination for any tourist who wants to explore Croatia. Dubrovnik counts over twenty churches and chapels, including the Du… Suggestions include derivation from Greek ῥάξ, ῥαγός "grape"; from Greek ῥώξ, ῥωγός "narrow passage"; Greek ῥωγάς "ragged (of rocks)", ῥαγή (ῥαγάς) "fissure"; from the name of the Epirote tribe of the Rhogoi, from an unidentified Illyrian substrate. The languages spoken by the people were the Romance Dalmatian and common Croatian. At that time there were only 16 other countries which had Cardinal protectors; those being France, Spain, Austria, Portugal, Poland, England, Scotland, Ireland, Naples, Sicily, Sardinia, Savoy, Lucca, Greece, Illyria, Armenia and Lebanon. It was under the protection of the Byzantine Empire and later under the sovereignty of the Republic of Venice. The development of the military of Croatia was hampered by a UN arms embargo introduced in September, while the military conflict in Croatia continued to escalate with the Battle of Vukovar, which started on 26 August. If you like to stay active even when on holiday, Dubrovnik is the right place for you. Part of Croatia is a barren, rocky region lying in the Dinaric Alps. And on top of all that, as Večernji List has unofficially discovered, Croatia could expect help in the form of a product that is currently among the most valued "currencies", the Covid-19 vaccine. February 3 is the feast of Sveti Vlaho (Saint Blaise), who is the city's patron saint. The tower stands next to the House of the Main Guard, also built in Gothic style. These steps largely failed, despite the intention of wanting to stimulate the economy. Croatia Airlines' 3rd base", "[VIDEO] Star Wars Episode VIII Starts Shooting in Dubrovnik this Week", "Star Wars Adds Shine to Croatian 'Pearl' Dubrovnik", "Take a look around the set of the new Robin Hood movie being filmed in Dubrovnik", "Mike Bithell follows up Subsurface Circular with Quarantine Circular", Sampson Low, Marston, Searle, & Rivington, UNESCO World Heritage Centre: Old City of Dubrovnik, Youtube.com: Dubrovnik — digital video reconstruction, Venetian Works of Defence between 15th and 17th centuries, Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dubrovnik&oldid=1007323867, Mediterranean port cities and towns in Croatia, Populated places in Dubrovnik-Neretva County, Populated places established in the 7th century, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from February 2017, CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown, Articles with dead external links from July 2018, Articles with permanently dead external links, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Transalpine Gaulish-language text, Articles containing Cornish-language text, Articles containing Church Slavonic-language text, Articles containing Serbo-Croatian-language text, Articles containing Russian-language text, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Articles containing Croatian-language text, Articles containing explicitly cited English-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2017, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2008, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2015, Articles to be expanded from January 2020, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with multiple identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Source: Naselja i stanovništvo Republike Hrvatske 1857–2001, DZS, Zagreb, 2005, average of coldest period: January, 10 °C (50 °F), average of warmest period: August, 25.8 °C (78.4 °F), average May–September: 18.7–25.5 °C (65.7–77.9 °F), This page was last edited on 17 February 2021, at 14:58. In 1815, the former Dubrovnik Government (its noble assembly) met for the last time in Ljetnikovac in Mokošica. The system of turrets and towers were intended to protect the vulnerable city. Other members of the Committee were Ivo Papi, Miho Papi, Artur Saraka, Mato Šarić, Antun Pugliesi, Mato Gracić, Ivo Degiulli, Ernest Katić and Antun Milić. When in Dubrovnik, take a cable car to Srđ Mountain, 412 meters above the city and providing the best view of Dubrovnik city walls and its surroundings. The sculptures ware made by the Milanese artist Pietro di Martino (who also sculpted the ornaments in the Rector's Palace and made a statue – now lost – for the Franciscan church). The Austrians did everything in their power to eliminate the Ragusa issue at the Congress of Vienna. It was the residence of the admiral, commander-in-chief of the army. The band chose their name due to two members of the band Roddy Radalj (guitar vocals) and Boris Sujdovik (bass) being born in Dubrovnik. Also, the third-oldest European pharmacy and the oldest still in operation, having been founded in 1317, is in Dubrovnik, at the Little Brothers monastery. In addition, a network of modern, local buses connects all Dubrovnik neighbourhoods running frequently from dawn to midnight. The air temperatures can slightly vary, depending on the area or region. Being one of UNESCO’s world heritage sites since 1979, the major attractions in Dubrovnik is the old town and the surrounding city wall. Top: old city of Dubrovnik, Second left: Sponza Palace, Second right: Rector's Palace, Third left: "Pearl of the Adriatic", "Thesaurum mundi", Since 1991: Breakup of Yugoslavia and its aftermath, CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (. ... the orphanage set up in 1432 as part … The bora wind blows cold gusts down the Adriatic coast between October and April, and thundery conditions are common all the year round, even in summer, when they interrupt the warm, sunny days. In 1905, the Committee for establishing electric tram service, headed by Luko Bunić – certainly one of the most deserving persons who contributed to the realisation of the project – was established. Every year the city of Dubrovnik celebrates the holiday with Mass, parades, and festivities that last for several days. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. On top Srđ Mountain you can visit the Homeland War Museum and the Imperial Fortress which was built in 1810 during Napoleon’s rule in Croatia. According to Constantine Porphyrogenitus's De Administrando Imperio (c. 950), Ragusa was founded in the 7th century, named after a "rocky island" called Lausa, by refugees from Epidaurum (Ragusa Vecchia), a Roman city situated some 15 km to the south, when that city was destroyed in the Slavic incursions. The walls of Dubrovnik have also been a popular filming location for the fictional city of King's Landing in the HBO television series, Game of Thrones. The sculptural elements were lost in the earthquake of 1667. Split to Dubrovnik Island Hopping Holiday, Split, Hvar & Dubrovnik Multi Centre Holiday, Zagreb to Dubrovnik Island Hopping Holiday, Croatian UNESCO Sites & Natural Beauties Coach Holiday. On 27 May 1806, the forces of the Empire of France occupied the neutral Republic of Ragusa. Dubrovnik. Being the most luxurious destination in Croatia, Dubrovnik boasts fantastic 5- star resorts and outstanding restaurants. According to Constantine Porphyrogenitus's De Administrando Imperio (c. 950), Ragusa was founded in the 7th century, named after a "rocky island" called Lausa, by refugees from Epidaurum (Ragusa Vecchia), a Roman city situated some 15 km to the south, when that city was destroyed in the Slavic incursions. It is lesser known than nearby resorts and as a result the peaceful town is a quieter holiday destination that has retained its small town local feel. The Zagorje region north of the capital, Zagreb, is a land of rolling hills, and the fertile agricultural region of the Pannonian Plain is bordered by the Drava, Danube, and Sava Rivers in the east. Dubrovnik — Villa Konalic Hotel Dubrovnik (€22 a night): Dubrovnik is easily the most expensive part of Croatia, so if you’re travelling on a budget, you’ll want to look outside the Old Town for an affordable (and more quiet) place to stay. In 1889, the Serb-Catholics circle supported Baron Francesco Ghetaldi-Gondola, the candidate of the Autonomous Party, vs the candidate of Popular Party Vlaho de Giulli, in the 1890 election to the Dalmatian Diet. Ragusa experienced further expansion when, in 1333, Serbian emperor Stefan Dušan, sold Pelješac and Ston in exchange for cash and an annual tribute[15] at the moment when her connection with the rest of Europe, especially Italy, brought her into the full current of the Western Renaissance.[16]. These include the University of Dubrovnik, the Libertas University (Dubrovnik International University), Rochester Institute of Technology Croatia (former American College of Management and Technology), a University Centre for Postgraduate Studies of the University of Zagreb, and an Institute of History of the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts. Dubrovnik is the southernmost major Croatian city. He also built a number of mills along one of its branches. Foreign newspapers were criticised for placing heavier attention on the damage suffered by the old town than on human casualties. The A1 highway, in use between Zagreb and Ploče, is planned to be extended all the way to Dubrovnik. In May 1544, a ship landed there filled exclusively with Portuguese refugees, as Balthasar de Faria reported to King John. Dubrovnik has hot, muggy, moderately dry summers and mild to cool wet winters. There is also evidence for the presence of a settlement in the pre-Christian era.[8]. The income from tourism was pivotal in the post-war development of the city, including its airport. In 1240, Ragusa purchased the island of Lastovo from Stefan Uroš I king of Serbia who had rights over the island as ruler of parts of Hum. [40] [25] The Austrian Empire sent a force under General Todor Milutinović offering to help their Ragusan allies. The new Croatian government set up a military outpost in the city itself. Tour Croatia Limited is a tour operator registered. Also, sitting as it does on the Dalmatian Coast it’s a perfect home base from which to explore other parts of Croatia on a day trip. [11] After a fire destroyed most of the city in the night of August 16, 1296, a new urban plan was developed. During World War II, Dubrovnik became part of the Nazi-puppet Independent State of Croatia, occupied by the Italian army first, and by the German army after 8 September 1943. It now houses a museum. Part of this was the implementation of gambling license fees, so any company offering gambling services in Croatia had to pay a €500,000 fee for a license that would allow them to operate legally. [21] Almost immediately after the beginning of the French occupation, Russian and Montenegrin troops entered Ragusan territory and began fighting the French army, raiding and pillaging everything along the way and culminating in a siege of the occupied city (during which 3,000 cannonballs fell on the city). The Republic was an early adopter of what are now regarded as modern laws and institutions: a medical service was introduced in 1301, with the first pharmacy, still operating to this day, being opened in 1317. Its capital is Zagreb, located in the north. It breathes history, with its medieval city which is one of the best preserved in the world. Ragusa used to rule the Mediterranean trade and diplomacy, competing with mighty Venetian Republic. Roland statues were typical symbols of city autonomy or independence, often erected under Sigismund in his Electorate of Brandenburg. Slave trading was abolished in 1418, and an orphanage opened in 1432. The city successfully balanced its sovereignty between the interests of Venice and the Ottoman Empire for centuries. The text-based video game Quarantine Circular[85] is set aboard a ship off the coast of Dubrovnik, and a few references to the city are made throughout the course of the game. The brass face of the clock shows the phases of the moon. [46] The Croatian Army lifted the siege in May 1992, and liberated Dubrovnik's surroundings by the end of October, but the danger of sudden attacks by the JNA lasted for another three years.[47]. [36] The tram service in Dubrovnik existed from 1910 to 1970. To oppose the demographics change due to increased Slavic immigration from the Balkans, the native Romance population of Ragusa, which made up the oligarchic government of the Republic, tried to prohibit the use of any Slavic languages in official councils. [4] It is mostly explained as dubron, a Celtic name for water (Gaulish dubron, Irish dobar, Welsh dŵr, dwfr, Cornish dofer), akin to the toponyms Douvres, Dover, and Tauber;[5] or originating from a Proto-Slavic word dǫbъ meaning 'oak'. Dubrovnik, 2nd: The Bradt City Guide, page 7, Piers Letcher, Robin McKelvie, Jenny McKelvie, Bradt Travel Guides, 2007. Join this grand tour of the Western Balkans, visit magnificent UNESCO-protected sites in Croatia and Slovenia. [9] In 12th and 13th centuries Dubrovnik became a truly oligarchic republic, and benefited greatly by becoming a commercial outpost for the rising and prosperous Serbian state, especially after the signing of a treaty with Stefan the First-Crowned. [citation needed]. In early 2017, Robin Hood was filmed on locations in Dubrovnik. Dubrovnik (Croatian: [dǔbroːʋniːk] (listen);[2] historically Ragusa) is a city on the Adriatic Sea in southern Croatia. [54], The city boasts many old buildings, such as the Arboretum Trsteno, the oldest arboretum in the world, which dates back to before 1492. Many Conversos, Jews from Spain and Portugal, were attracted to the city. As usual for the time, they maintained a strict system of social classes. This makes Dubrovnik the perfect union of history with natural beauties. [55][64][65] The Franciscan monastery's library possesses 30,000 volumes, 216 incunabula, 1,500 valuable handwritten documents. There is also Copacabana Beach, a stony beach on the Lapad peninsula,[58] named after the popular beach in Rio de Janeiro. Orlando) as a symbol of loyalty to Sigismund of Luxembourg (1368–1437), King of Hungary and Croatia (as of 1387), Prince-Elector of Brandenburg (between 1378 and 1388 and again between 1411 and 1415), German King (as of 1411), King of Bohemia (as of 1419) and Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire (as of 1433), who helped by a successful war alliance against Venice to retain Ragusa's independence. It has been awarded a Gold International Trophy for Quality (2007) by the Editorial Office in collaboration with the Trade Leaders Club. But the central location of Split makes it easy to come and go from other destinations in the Balkans. To get to Dubrovnik, tourists have to cross two international borders and go through two custom checks and the associated security arrangements causing a lot of unwanted delays. The official language until 1472 was Latin. Often regarded as a 'Supergroup' due to the band members having played in various established bands such as Hoodoo Gurus, Beasts of Bourbon, and The Scientists. The flag was adopted when slave trading was abolished in 1418. Recreation, certainly for active people is all around, and at least half the year the Adriatic offers all options for water lovers. Adhering to UNESCO guidelines, repairs were performed in the original style. In 1419 the sculptor Bonino of Milano, with the help of local craftsmen, replaced the first Roland with the present Gothic statue. [62][63] Its façade is depicted on the reverse of the Croatian 50 kuna banknote, issued in 1993 and 2002. [39], Under communism Dubrovnik became part of the Socialist Republic of Croatia and Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. For centuries, Dubrovnik was an ally of Ancona, the other Adriatic maritime republic rival of Venice, which was itself the Ottoman Empire's chief rival for control of the Adriatic. It now belongs to a Croatian entrepreneur.[43]. Frano Getaldić-Gundulić founded the Società Philately on 4 December 1890. It’s cut off from the rest of Croatia A strip of land 12 miles wide, including the city of Neum, is part of Bosnia and Herzegovina and cuts Dubrovnik off from the rest of Croatia. The annual Dubrovnik Summer Festival is a 45-day-long cultural event with live plays, concerts, and games. After World War I, Croatia (and Dubrovnik) became part of the united Yugoslavia. Modern-day explo… The Neapolitan architect and engineer Onofrio della Cava completed the aqueduct with two public fountains, both built in 1438. The island includes a fortress, botanical garden, monastery and naturist beach. For your next holiday, why not visit Croatia’s most popular destinations, the historic city of Split and the magnificent Dubrovnik Old Town. The Italian language as spoken in the republic was heavily influenced by the Venetian language and the Tuscan dialect. Following the end of the war, damage caused by the shelling of the Old Town was repaired. Before Croatia was even an idea As the first section mentioned, the separated section is part of the county of Dubrovnik-Nerevata. At that event, Socialist Republic of Croatia was renamed Republic of Croatia. Dubrovnik has a borderline humid subtropical (Cfa) and Mediterranean climate (Csa) in the Köppen climate classification, since only one summer month has less than 40 mm (1.6 in) of rainfall, preventing it from being classified as solely humid subtropical or Mediterranean. [86], Bjelovar, Bjelovar-BilogoraSlavonski Brod, Brod-PosavinaDubrovnik, Dubrovnik-NeretvaPazin, Istria, Karlovac, KarlovacKoprivnica, Koprivnica-KriževciKrapina, Krapina-ZagorjeGospić, Lika-Senj, Čakovec, MeđimurjeOsijek, Osijek-BaranjaPožega, Požega-SlavoniaRijeka, Primorje-Gorski Kotar, Sisak, Sisak-MoslavinaSplit, Split-DalmatiaŠibenik, Šibenik-KninVaraždin, Varaždin, Virovitica, Virovitica-PodravinaVukovar, Vukovar-SrijemZadar, ZadarZagreb, Zagreb, This article is about a city in Croatia. A connection to the name of Sicilian Ragusa has also been proposed. Pero Čingrija (1837–1921), one of the leaders of the People's Party in Dalmatia,[37] played the main role in the merger of the People's Party and the Party of Right into a single Croatian Party in 1905. The city was ruled by the local aristocracy which was of Latin-Dalmatian extraction and formed two city councils. On the eastern part of the fortress facing Dubrovnik, the walls are only 60 centimetres thick. Croatia was left with an exclave surrounding Dubrovnik, and this caused some headache for tourists wishing to visit this stunningly beautiful coastal city. [41] The "Adriatic Highway" (Magistrala) was opened in 1965 after a decade of works, connecting Dubrovnik with Rijeka along the whole coastline, and giving a boost to the tourist development of the Croatian riviera. [60] The finest Renaissance highlight is the Sponza Palace which dates from the 16th century and is currently used to house the National Archives. The main street in Dubrovnik Old Town is Stradun Promenade, today boasting many fine restaurants and small cafes, always full of visitors and locals alike. It stands in the middle of Luža Square. By 2018, the city had to take steps to reduce the excessive number of tourists, especially in the Old Town. It’s The Perfect Place For Watersports. [35] The following year, during the local government election, the Autonomous Party won the municipal re-election with Francesco Gondola, who died in power in 1899. The bishop of Dubrovnik was a Cardinal protector in 1571. Over one-third of Croatia is forested. In October 1944 Yugoslav Partisans occupied Dubrovnik, arresting more than 300 citizens and executing 53 without trial; this event came to be known, after the small island on which it occurred, as the Daksa Massacre. [48] The inflicted damage can be seen on a chart near the city gate, showing all artillery hits during the siege, and is clearly visible from high points around the city in the form of the more brightly coloured new roofs. Today they play a cultural role as a backdrop to outdoor performances as part of the Dubrovnik Summer Festival, Croatia’s own Edinburgh Fringe. After the second world war, the city started to attract crowds of tourists - even more after 1979, when the city joined the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites. ", "Population by Ethnicity, by Towns/Municipalities, 2011 Census: County of Dubrovnik-Neretva", "Dubrovnik Airport: providing essential tourism support for a region. When in 1929 Yugoslavia was divided among 9 Banovina, the city became part of the Zeta Banovina. [83], In Kander and Ebb's song "Ring Them Bells," the protagonist, Shirley Devore, goes to Dubrovnik to look for a husband and meets her neighbor from New York.[84]. Just north of Dubrovnik there is a 12-mile wide strip of Bosnia and Herzegovina that cuts Croatia in two. Dubrovnik is a city of very rich history and heritage, boasting many Medieval buildings and monuments. In the 17 th century the Republic of Dubrovnik was forced it to sell two patches of land to the Ottomans, and the Bosnian corridor was one of them, all in order to raise a bit of cash and halt the Venetian forces … For example Trogir ha sits ancient name Tregur (three stones in Albanian). Croatia, country located in the northwestern part of the Balkan Peninsula. In the bay of Dubrovnik is the 72-hectare (180-acre) wooded island of Lokrum, where according to legend, Richard the Lionheart, King of England, was cast ashore after being shipwrecked in 1192. Now, Croatia is currently part of a thriving online gambling culture, with many online casinos and games accessible across the world. According to this account, Ragusa (Ῥαούσιν) is the foundation of the refugees from Epidaurum (Ragusa Vecchia), a Greek city situated some 15 km (9 mi) to the south of Ragusa, when that city was destroyed in the Slavic incursions of the 7th century. An almshouse was opened in 1347, and the first quarantine hospital (Lazarete) was established in 1377. Dubrovnik counts over twenty churches and chapels, including the Dubrovnik Cathedral and the beautiful St Vlaho’s Church, built to honor the Saint protector of Dubrovnik. Geographically Croatia is entirely part of the Balkans along with Slovenia. This is mostly thanks to its continuous freedom and sucessful avoidance of armed conflicts throughout history. Situated in front of Dubrovnik Cathedral is one of the city’s most popular squares – the Marin Držić Square, dedicated to famous Renaissance playwright and prose writer. Known as the “Pearl of the Adriatic” because of its magnificent walled Old Town, Dubrovnik is Croatia’s most famous destination. The City Walls subsequently survived bombardment by British, Austrian and, in tragic modern times, Yugoslav forces. The walls of Dubrovnik are the most recognisable symbol of the city, making tiny Croatia well-known all over the world. [45] Nonetheless, the artillery attacks on Dubrovnik damaged 56% of its buildings to some degree, as the historic walled city, a UNESCO world heritage site, sustained 650 hits by artillery rounds. Ragusa eventually fell when Napoleon marched through the Pile Gate in 1806. Today, the city is well known for having served as the backdrop for King’s Landing in the HBO show Game of Thrones. In May 1544, a ship landed there filled exclusively with Portuguese refugees, as Balthasar de Faria reported to King John. At the same time, Dubrovnik became a cradle of Croatian literature. In the eighteenth century, Dubrovnik got another chance at the economic revival of maritime trade under a neutral flag. Besides that, the city is bathed by the beautiful Adriatic Sea. Dubrovnik’s old town, which is a UNESCO world heritage site, suffered considerable damage during the shelling. Croatia knows many cultural attractions, especially in Zagreb and Split, with tons of festivals, concerts and expositions. Antun Ničetić, in his 1996 book Povijest dubrovačke luke ("History of the Port of Dubrovnik"), expounds the theory that Dubrovnik was established by Greek sailors,[citation needed] as a station halfway between the two Greek settlements of Budva and Korčula, 95 nautical miles (176 km; 109 mi) apart from each other.
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