An estimated three billion people could still lack internet access by 2023, and many more will have little or no opportunity to reap the benefits of digital technologies. UPSC INTERNAL SECURITY NOTES BY IAS NETWORK - Visit IAS NETWORK to get complete guide of UPSC INTERNAL SECURITY NOTES BY IAS NETWORK now. As Information and Communication Technology infrastructure is the backbone of many frontier technologies, there is a risk of its triggering a new frontier technology divide, compounding an already existing digital divide. Elsewhere in the DRC’s mining heartland, many people – particularly native residents – rely on farming for sustenance at least part of the year. There is a distinction to be drawn between non-state actors that perpetrate terrorist acts for political and ideological ends and those who wield violence for financial gain. Spread of counterfeit currency. Development activities in the backward, hinterland regions will provide employment, exposure and earning to the youths, who easily get influenced by the radical thoughts of some religion and take up arms against the government. They not only enhance the surveillance and detection capabilities of the border guarding forces but also improve the impact of the border guarding personnel against infiltration and trans-border crimes. Linking a clean environment to human capital productivity is an issue that should be looked at as an investment and not a cost. o Bhutan’s north-western region is close to Chumbi Valley and to the Tibetan region bordering the Indian state of Sikkim. A smart inspection system uses a smart identity management system that ensures that only legitimate people are allowed to engage in cross-border management. These differences are economic, social, regional, ethnic, caste, communal. More investment in fields such as finance, skill training and manpower is required. However, political and administrative compulsions led to the division of the subcontinent and the eventual break-up of its social and economic unity as well. Enhanced jointness with the Air Force and the Navy, appointment of a Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) and formation of ‘theatre commands’ would definitely contribute to optimisation of resources. Auf der Grundlage der vom 11. Another factor which contributes to the economic issues in India is population. The rise of aspirations of tribal autonomy led to the emergence of several insurgent groups in the state, like Garo National Liberation Army (GNLA ) and Hynniewtrep National Liberation Council (HNLC). A cyber attack may lead to loss of competitive information (such as patents or original work), loss of employees/customers private data resulting into complete loss of public trust on the integrity of the organization. A thriving economy, which gives hope and opportunity to the people, is more likely to defeat all types of extremist movements than any other strategy. A weak law and order is one of the causes of communal violence. In India’s northeast, almost all the militant groups run a parallel government or have their areas of influence and are involved in collecting money directly from the people. But, it is difficult to say that the implementation has been uniform in all the sectors. It was represented by Spykman in 1943. Governments need to provide incentives for industry to invest in security at a level that is not justified by corporate business plans. In this, the organization has a sufficiently trained workforce. Two-way illegal movement of narcotics and drugs pose a significant threat to national security as the breach of international borders indicate that arms smuggling and infiltration is equally feasible along with terror financing by the money generated by the illegal sale of narcotics and drugs. Inclusive growth will help in the empowerment of vulnerable and marginalized populations, improve livelihoods, and augment skill-building for women. Poverty, Unemployment, inadequate health care, the feeling of neglect have also contributed to insurgencies. They pose threats to multireligious, multiethnic and pluralistic societies. We're not around right now. It symbolise coastal countries as the sea power. ‘The soundness and confidence in the financial system as a whole could be seriously jeopardised thereby losing the trust of the public,’ if the financial system is seen to be laundering criminal proceeds. Committing crime of money laundering transfers of economic power from the right people to the wrong. One finds it appalling to see the missing administration and development in many interior areas. The Malaysian Ethnic Relations Monitoring System (known by its acronym Mesra) makes use of a quality of life index (included criteria such as housing, health, income and education) and a perception index to gauge people’s needs and feelings about race relations in their area. Original CPI (ML) by this time has changed its name to Maoist Communist Center. Politically the tribals are very poorly represented in the democratic process. girls’ education), as is providing assistance at key stages of development, such as early childhood. Though the number of incidents of LWE violence has come down in the recent past, continued efforts and focus are needed in eliminating such groups. L-13 : Exogenic Forces: Denudation & Weathering. In this section of Geography Optional, You have to do integrated study of Paper 1(Part B) and Paper 2 i.e. o The dynamic nature of the problems concerning management of borders is brought out by the manner in which the sensitivity of India-Nepal border has changed over a period of time. The surreptitious activities of these apart from terrorist attacks in various parts of the country, include training and facilitation to armed insurgents by ISI in various training camps in Pakistan. This Trusteeship was mandated to place limits on Jewish immigration and create a division of Palestine into separate Jewish and Arab provinces but not states. Zoomalia.es es la tienda para mascotas online a precios de escándalo que te ofrece más de 100 000 referencias en alimentación, comida, productos y accesorios para animales. States play a vital role in maintaining law and order. Indology is known as the science of Indian Society. Meet your coworkers before you accept an offer. Know your detailed syllabus and download complete notes for UPSC Geography Optional Preparation. Terrorist groups, whether indigenous or sponsored by outside states, need arms and money for their fight against the security forces. We need to understand the difference between fake and real news as it’s actually a lot harder than we think, purely because often we believe that the platform delivering the content is trustworthy. Policy efforts will be needed at the highest levels to harmonize India’s growing need for housing, roads, transport services and packaged goods with the resulting impact on the environment. The Rimland-Theory does not take into account the various conflicts going on between its different countries (India vs. Pakistan, etc.) For maintaining their reputations, both to instil fear in the general public and to attract new recruits. In J&K, counterfeit currency has been a major source of funding terrorism. Spread to 17 states in India, including Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Orissa, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal to name the few main one. Découvrez vos propres épingles sur Pinterest et enregistrez-les. Militants from across the border are paid with counterfeit money. Increase in representation of minority communities and weaker sections in all wings of law-enforcement, training of forces in human rights, especially in the use of firearms in accordance with UN code of conduct. It is linked with Indian heartland through the 21 km. Increased use of mobile technology and internet by people. Money laundering decreases the tax funds available for collection in the economy and by implication government’s revenues. Misinformation and disinformation spread in the media is becoming a serious social challenge. Several security surveys reveal a lack of adequate knowledge among executives about security policy and incidents, the latest technological solutions, data leakage, financial loss, reflecting their negligence and ignorance towards cyber threat. Mishandling of the Kashmir Issue by the successive Central governments of India – which includes frequent dismissal of State Assemblies. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. The dissipation of this conflict suggests no replacement. Also, 57 billionaires have the same amount of wealth as the bottom 70 percent of India. Heavy snowfall and frigid temperatures across the U.S. have kept winter storm warnings in effect from Washington to the Great Lakes into northern New England and a large section of the South. your own Pins on Pinterest The data and information on the region is not sufficiently analyzed and communicated between the region and the Centre, contributing to further misinformation, mismanagement and alienation. Each nation made great territorial strides toward the heartland, but to no avail. In the case of integration, the now-laundered money is withdrawn from the legitimate account to be used for criminal activities. o If Siliguri corridor is blocked, the whole northeast will be cutoff from India and that is a major concern and a security threat. As a first step, it is important to acknowledge the significant contributions of Indian scientists aboard and capitalise on their learning through collaboration. School children have been abducted and many schools and hostels have been blown apart. o This is spread across extreme climatic conditions given that the boundary runs from the hot Thar Desert in Rajasthan to the cold Himalayas in Jammu and Kashmir. Their effects carry significant risk for public safety, security of the nation and the stability of the globally linked economy as a whole. Goodness like adjustment with others, or co-operation, or consistency can be found in their teachings. Companies cannot compete with operators financed by illegal funding, labours then become jobless and the high rate of unemployment result in an increase in criminality, dissatisfaction and insecurity. While challenges on agriculture and job fronts require a long term, multi-dimensional approach, the government must, as a priority, make an all-out effort to persevere with the banking reforms and do whatever it takes to stoke private sector investment. Geography 12/11/2013. Many areas in the fringes of the administration, where you had the weakness of the administration, is where the real basic growth of the Maoist movement has taken place. All the Free Porn you want is here! • In 1875, he wrote Satyarth Prakash (or the light of truth) and in the same year founded the Bombay Arya Samaj. This is where transnational drugs and arms syndicates come into play. Law enforcement agencies should use “Open source Intelligence” to engage, collate, analyse and predict, and share intelligence using data gleaned from social media networks, This analysis uses social media data along with their metadata to identify people, networks, patterns and events that contribute to actionable intelligence. Less technically proficient criminals are now able to commit cyber crime, and do so as awareness of the potential profits becomes more widespread. Indigenous development of modern defence hardware continues to remain a concern and Indian policy aspiration for defence self-sufficiency remains largely elusive. Connect with friends, family and other people you know. Movement of soldiers on duty or leave at short notices, without adequate rail reservations. Narendra Modi announced a special focus on this topic. Tourism, which could have flourished in the scenic northeast, has suffered a lot due to instability in the region. In the Northeast, extortion is the fundamental basis for funding all forms of terrorism. Currently, it has been observed that, small elite research institutions get most of the grants, while universities get very less research funds. Jamie Cullum. Community. Human trafficking, drug trafficking and gun running are some of the other criminal activities that have been common in these areas. Organized crime also corrupts public officials to avert governmental interference and is becoming increasingly sophisticated. Their efforts need to be firmly coordinated through an integrated command-and-control entity, which should serve as a unifying structure that is accountable for cybersecurity. and citizens. In theory, the financial services industry should be the ballast that steadies our economy through its normal ups and downs. Later, the geographical and functional scope of the programme was widened to include eastern and northern sectors of India’s borders and as well as socio-economic aspects such as education, health, agriculture and other allied sectors. Effective law enforcement and responses that are compliant with the rule of law were deemed to be of utmost importance. In the Heartland Theory, someone would gain power over Eastern Europe, and then their power would spread out from there until it covered the whole earth, like blood pumping out to power up the rest of the body. India does not have a special law to control/suppress organised crime. It is often accused of sensationalism and disseminates rumours as “news” which sometimes resulted into further tension and riots between two rival religious groups. Youth is a national asset and needs engagement and economic empowerment. Importance to the up gradation of indigenous technologies to prevent their obsolescence. India needs to strengthen its coastal security considerations to protect its vital economic interests in two million square kilometres of the Exclusive Economic Zone. Germany, with her copious resources and industry, had become a great power after her birth in 1871. The Indian government’s past and ongoing processes of national integration, state-building and democratic consolidation have further aggravated the conflict scenario in the region. Mill and J.M. Organized crime conglomerates need a clientele and couriers who can smuggle drugs, arms and human beings across the countries and regions. Cyber criminals seek to exploit human or security vulnerabilities in order to steal passwords, data or money directly. In our Constitutional frame-work, the police are the State’s subject. Guys, Topics of this section of Geography Optional is mainly current affairs based therefore You have to do value addition from Current Affairs. At present, military planning is hamstrung by lack of a clearly articulated and integrated military strategy. A movement that started demanding the deportation of the illegal migrants also witnessed the birth of the militant outfit the United Liberation Front of Assam (U.L.F.A.) Issue of resolution of Naga conflict in spite of having signed Framework Agreement between the Central Government and the NSCN (IM) is inconclusive and a relapse of conflict can take place. However, the pace of modernisation of the Indian armed forces over the years has been rather slow, and technologically, they are not where they should have been. The theory says that their is power conflict between Land & sea power. Periodical ‘Backup of Data’ is a solution to ransomware. But former is much clear in his views about the importance of inner crescent. The origin of a disruption, the identity of the perpetrator or the motivation for it can be difficult to ascertain and the act can take place from virtually anywhere. Money laundering plays a significant role. Your email address will not be published. See also. Cattle from as far as Haryana, UP, Bihar is taken to borders for grazing and then smuggled to Bangladesh. The gap between the unrealistic expectations, fuelled by populist rhetoric, and their actual fulfilment has increased and not decreased over the years. The infiltration and sometimes saturation of dirty money into legitimate financial sectors and national accounts can threaten economic and political stability. Tous les derniers films en exclu. Ransomware – extort money by blocking access to files or the computer system until the ransom is paid. The Front Organisations also skilfully use state structures and legal processes to further the Maoist agenda and weaken the enforcement regime. Meeting their needs while safeguarding the environment will require innovative models of urban development. Layering conceals the source of the money through a series of transactions and bookkeeping tricks. Since the Kargil War and the military coup 1999, Pakistan’s support to cross border terrorism has intensified and is expected to continue in the future. Jammu & Kashmir may have had a superficial image of a coherent geo-political identity, but the state was anything but homogeneous. Through its nexus with the Taliban and Jihadi elements, as well as its involvement in religious extremism, international terrorism and the narcotics trade, Pakistan poses a threat not only to India but to the stability of the region as well. Hostile neighbours like China extending moral and material support to the insurgent groups. As organised criminal groups are structured in a hierarchical manner, the higher echelons of leadership are insulated from law enforcement. Investigation of cases, their prosecution and the setting up of the criminal courts is the responsibility of the State Government concerned. It is said that if India restricts this supply then it can starve Bangladeshis of food. For many, joining these groups is the only way to survive. principle of “one border one force” for better accountability. Controlling fake news is a tricky issue: not controlling trolls could lead to national and international instability while doing too much to control it could harm democracy. Real-time intelligence is required for preventing and containing cyber attacks. Steps to reduce economic deprivation and improve the delivery of essential services can erode the base of public support on which the extremist movements survive. ), L-28 : Koeppen’s Classification of Climatic regions of India, L-30 : Soil types and their distributions, L-4 : Biotic and marine resources (Coming soon), L-5 : Forest and wildlife resources (Coming soon), L-1 : Salient Features of Indian Agriculture (Coming soon), L-3 : Determinants/Factors Influencing Agriculture (Coming soon), L-8 : Landholdings, land tenure and land reforms (Coming soon), L-9 : Cropping Intensity & Cropping Pattern (Coming soon), L-10 : Agricultural productivity, agricultural intensity (Coming soon), L-11 : Major Cash Crops in India (Coming soon), L-15 : Agro and social forestry (Coming soon), L-16 : Green Revolution, White Revolution, Blue Revolution (Coming soon), L-17 : Sericulture, Apiculture, Horticulture, Poultry Farming (Coming soon), L-19 : Agricultural regionalization (Coming soon), L-21 : Agroecological Regions (Coming soon), L-1 : Evolution of industries (Coming soon), L-3 : Cotton textile industry (Coming soon), L-5 : Iron and Steel Industry (Coming soon), L-10 : Chemical and pharmaceutical Industry (Coming soon), L-13 : Industrial Complexes (Coming soon), L-14 : Industrial Regions of India (Industrial rationalisation) (Coming soon), L-15 : Economic Planning, Planning Commission, Niti Ayog (Coming soon), L-16 : Liberalisation And Privatisation (Coming soon), L-18 : Public Sector Reforms (Coming soon), L-20 : Multinationals in India (Coming soon), L-21 : Special Economic Zones (Coming soon), L-22 : Tourism including eco-tourism (Coming soon), L-6 : Growing importance of ports on national and foreign trade (Coming soon), L-7 : Trade balance & Trade Policy (Coming soon), L-8 : Export processing zones (Coming soon), L-9 : Developments in communication and information technology (Coming soon), L-10 : Indian Space Program (Coming soon), L-1 : Geographical basis of Indian federalism, L-4 : Regional consciousness and inter state issues (Coming soon), L-5 : Indo-Bhutan Relations (Coming soon), L-6 : India-Afghanistan Relations (Coming soon), L-7 : India-Myanmar Relations (Coming soon), L-8 : India-Bangladesh Relations (Coming soon), L-9 : India-Sri Lanka Relations (Coming soon), L-10 : India-Pakistan Relations(Coming soon), L-11 : India-China Relations (Coming soon), L-12 : India-Nepal Relations(Coming soon), L-14 : India’s role in world affairs (Coming soon), L-15 : Geopolitics of South Asia and Indian Ocean realm (Coming soon), L-1 : Landslide: Types, Causes, Impact & Remedial steps, L-3 : Tsunami and its causes & Tsunami Warning Systems, L-5 : Drought: Types, Causes & Consequences, L-6 : Changes in Pattern of land use in India, L-7 : Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), L-8 : Deforestation: Problems and Conservation measures, L-9 : Soil Erosion, Degradation, and Conservation, L-10 : Problems of Agrarian and Industrial unrest, L-11 : Regional disparities in economic development (Coming Soon, L-12 : Concept of sustainable growth and development (Coming Soon, L-13 : Environmental awareness (Coming Soon, L-14 : Interlinking of River: Issues and Challenges (Coming Soon, L-15 : Globalisation and Indian economy (Coming Soon, North America – World Geography For UPSC IAS, South America – World Geography For UPSC IAS, Australia And Oceania– World Geography For UPSC, Antarctica – World Geography For UPSC IAS. Difference between heartland and rimland theory upsc Ask for details ; Follow Report by Kratiagarwal8157 3 weeks ago Log in to add a comment Take A Sneak Peak At The Movies Coming Out This Week (8/12) 25 years since Happy Gilmore: Adam Sandler through the years o Pakistan’s policy of cross border terrorism, along with its intense hostile anti-India propaganda designed to mislead and sway the loyalties of border population. For the holistic last-mile development of “New India”, it is necessary to get rid of the menace of such radicalized groups. Communalism, in a broad sense, means a strong attachment to one’s own community. Dr Vinay Sitapati, whose latest book, 'Jugalbandi: The BJP before Modi' is on the shelves now, says because the state election showed the cadre, Narendra Modi was able to show that you could believe in Hindutva, you could wave the Hindutva flag and you could win elections. One transparent indicator of its existence is a situation in which the major source of a country’s technology is abroad. In India, WhatsApp is the platform most vulnerable to fake news. Januar bis 21. o Threat from Bangladesh assumes serious dimensions since it became a base for northeast insurgent groups like ULFA and Naga factions. The Indian Army needs to undergo transformation and right-sizing towards becoming an optimised modern force, with a more efficient teeth-to-tail ratio. These youth work on social basis for this. Community Triff andere Eltern. It creates a threat to a company’s security because of what employees might disclose and they are on prime target for cyber criminals. The location between the ‘Golden Triangle’ and the ‘Golden Crescent’ of India while it serves as a financial source for organized crimes. Lack of modernisation, capital outlay being the lowest in the last ten years. Increased use of cyberspace by terrorists. Identification of external relationships – to civilians, to states, and perhaps also to civil society – that might inform the strategy and approach of non-state actors. Interpol should be made more robust, and Indian police system. India has 487 million workers, but more than two-thirds of Indian employers report that they struggle to find workers with the right skills. Progressive taxation can help, if the additional fiscal space created is used to fund interventions that will support equity. Februar 2021 gültigen Coronaschutzverordnung NRW, §6 (4) muss die Bibliothek ihre Services weiter einschränken. During my senior…” Border Area Development Programme (BADP) was initiated as early as 1987 along the India-Pakistan border to ‘meet the special development needs of the people living in remote and inaccessible areas situated near the international border’. The education sector too has been affected by militancy. Faites votre choix parmi les films, séries TV, reportages ou documentaires qui seront diffusés ce soir à la télé et concoctez-vous une soirée TV réussie ! Mountain cops and Naval fleet. km. It would be no exaggeration to say that, after decades of procrastination by successive governments, the creation of two new entities — a Department of Military Affairs (DMA) and a Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) — a year ago, was the most significant development in the national security domain since Independence. The Myanmarese rebels ensure that drugs are brought under their protection up to the Tamu on the Indo-Myanmar border and also upto Bangladesh-Myanmar border. The unfair means that are adopted in a state of communalism, neglecting the interests of society, instigation on the basis of religious sentiments is the main among them, which can be observed clearly in communal violence that occurred during the last 57 years in India. Kashmiris are not sufficiently empowered; even a political representation at the Centre is missing. It has a plural and secular culture – just like the rest of India. The country has withstood the worst period of militancy in Kashmir, but, given the fraught situation that currently exists. In late 1970’s Kanu Sanyal was released and in 1980 K. Seetharamaiah founded People’s War Group. In 2006, the Forest Rights Act was enacted. Re-checking the news, stated facts and rumors from multiple sites can reduce the spread of fake news. In the same year, the per-capita Gross National Income (GNI) of the USA was 35 times that of India and that of China was 5 times higher than India. It is a process where the proceeds of crime are transformed into apparently legitimate money or other assets. Cyberspace has inherent vulnerabilities that cannot be removed. Naxals illegally collect money from Government schemes like Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan, Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) and the Public Distribution System (PDS). Lack of capital budget for new procurement schemes, especially ‘big ticket’ items, is another challenge. The biggest challenge for internal security of nation through social networking site is cyber terrorism. The other groups that formed are Bodo Liberation Tigers, National Democratic Front of Bodoland (N.D.F.B. Afficher les informations triées suivant : le dernier clic, le nom du membre Les anniversaires du jour: 4 membres fêtent leur anniversaire ce jour LevitraES(57), Gdf(40), VIAGRAzigi(37), hughrosa(36) : Statistiques: Nos membres ont écrit un total de 3,816,092 messages Nous avons 4,989 membres inscrits Le membre le plus récent est Pathfinder Le … Integration should not be seen in a limited dimension of territory. There has to be an effective sealing of borders; as they say ‘the best offence is a good fence’. Government expenditure should favour disadvantaged regions or groups. In this section of Geography Optional, You have to do integrated study of Paper 1(Part B) and Paper 2 i.e. There is a culture of elitism in our labs, where the manual work is done by lab assistants and scientists mostly just command orders. Share photos and videos, send messages and get updates. Focus on how the United Nations can develop capacity to combat terrorism. The objective of the CPI (Maoist) Party is the armed overthrow of the Indian State. The Heartland Theory's Relevance Since Its Creation The First World War. Specialised financial businesses have for many years played an increasing role in providing certain types of services, including money remittance (MR), foreign currency exchange (CE) and the issue / management of means of payment to a variety of actors. To curb terror financing: Deny all forms of support for terrorist groups, cooperate with other countries in criminal investigations and share information about planned terrorist acts. In September, 2013, Uttar Pradesh witnessed the worst violence in recent history with clashes between the Hindu and Muslim communities in Muzaffarnagar district. o Free movement across the Indo-Myanmar border has been the practice from times immemorial due to the ethnic and cultural similarity in the areas adjoining the border. In the Maoist terror movements, extortion is yet again a common phenomenon. Separatist movements aided and abetted by external powers. Most of the States face a resources crunch and are not in the position to spare adequate resources for the criminal justice system agencies. It is leading to the poisonous atmosphere on the web and causing riots and lynching on the road. But the Forest Bureaucracy continued its hostility towards it. Bewerte Namen. Fear and mistrust are central to this conflict.
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