Check out some well known and not so well known factoids on this famous woman's life! [6] In 1860, she laid the foundation of professional nursing with the establishment of her nursing school at St Thomas' Hospital in London. [23] The volunteer nurses worked about 295 nautical miles (546 km; 339 mi) away from the main British camp across the Black Sea at Balaklava, in the Crimea, which Nightingale never visited. [49] Most authorities today accept that Nightingale suffered from a particularly extreme form of brucellosis, the effects of which only began to lift in the early 1880s. 1912: A medal, created in Florence Nightingaleâs honor, was created. 1.Disease control. 2 of 2 by Edward Tyas Cook, "Institute of Our Lady of Mercy, Great Britain", "Florence Nightingale: The Grave at East Wellow", Florence Nightingale's autobiographical notes: A critical edition of BL Add. [57], Florence Nightingale died peacefully in her sleep in her room at 10 South Street, Mayfair, London, on 13 August 1910, at the age of 90. Feminism, Lytton Strachey, and Florence Nightingale's Reputation, 1918–39. Abstract. Her fatherâs beliefs on educating women was far ahead of his time. [33], The arrival of two waves of Irish nuns, the Sisters of Mercy to assist with nursing duties at Scutari met with different responses from Nightingale. Her social reforms included improving healthcare for all sections of British society, advocating better hunger relief in India, helping to abolish prostitution laws that were harsh for women, and expanding the acceptable forms of female participation in the workforce. [12] Nightingale's father educated her. [3] She gave nursing a favourable reputation and became an icon of Victorian culture, especially in the persona of "The Lady with the Lamp" making rounds of wounded soldiers at night.[4][5]. Two years later, she provided a report to the commission, which completed its own study in 1863. Florence gained the nickname 'the Lady with the Lamp' during her work at Scutari. [41] During 1850 and 1852, she was struggling with her self-definition and the expectations of an upper-class marriage from her family. [113] For the 1951 film, see, Recorded to wax cylinder on 30 July 1890, to raise money for veterans of the. Florence Nightingale /ˈnaɪtɪŋɡeɪl/, OM, RRC, DStJ (12 May 1820 – 13 August 1910) was an English social reformer, statistician and the founder of modern nursing. Her team found that poor care for wounded soldiers was being delivered by overworked medical staff in the face of official indifference. Baly, Monica, and E. H. C. G. Matthew. Now called the Florence Nightingale School of Nursing and Midwifery, the school is part of King's College London. "[41], Though Nightingale is sometimes said to have denied the theory of infection for her entire life, a 2008 biography disagrees,[40] saying that she was simply opposed to a precursor of germ theory known as contagionism. She later transferred to a mule cart and was reported to have escaped serious injury when the cart was toppled in an accident. [90] The award, established in 1973, is given in recognition of meritorious services of nursing professionals characterised by devotion, sincerity, dedication and compassion. She was also a pioneer in data visualization with the use of infographics, effectively using graphical presentations of statistical data. As she sorted out her thoughts, she wrote Suggestions for Thought to Searchers after Religious Truth. "Egypt in England and America: The Cultural Memorials of Religion, Royalty and Revolution", in: Magnello, M. Eileen. Nelson, Sioban, and Anne Marie Rafferty, eds. [90], The Nightingale Pledge is a modified version of the Hippocratic Oath which nurses recite at their pinning ceremony at the end of training. As well as a standing portrait, she was depicted on the notes in a field hospital, holding her lamp. [69], Her attention turned to the health of the British Army in India and she demonstrated that bad drainage, contaminated water, overcrowding and poor ventilation were causing the high death rate. Some of the work was damaged and the tenth panel was dismantled for the glass to be used in repair of the remaining panels. When the chapel was demolished the window was removed and installed in the replacement chapel. In 1904, she was appointed a Lady of Grace of the Order of St John (LGStJ). "[81], Despite being named as a Unitarian in several older sources, Nightingale's own rare references to conventional Unitarianism are mildly negative. The death rates in the hospital were very high: over 60%. Clarkey made an exception, however, in the case of the Nightingale family and Florence in particular. Hospitals were places of last resort where the floors were laid with straw to soak up the blood. While taken for granted now, it was at the time a relatively novel method of presenting data. It appeared at a time when the simple rules of health were only beginning to be known, when its topics were of vital importance not only for the well-being and recovery of patients, when hospitals were riddled with infection, when nurses were still mainly regarded as ignorant, uneducated persons. [40] This meant that sick paupers were no longer being cared for by other, able-bodied paupers, but by properly trained nursing staff. It is recognised as the knowledge which every one ought to have – distinct from medical knowledge, which only a profession can have". Played 2,616 times. [43] Richards went on to become a nursing pioneer in the US and Japan. Florence Nightingaleâs lasting impact on healthcare practices is significant. Other nursing schools around the world are named after Nightingale, such as in Anápolis in Brazil.[110]. After Nightingale sent a plea to The Times for a government solution to the poor condition of the facilities, the British Government commissioned Isambard Kingdom Brunel to design a prefabricated hospital that could be built in England and shipped to the Dardanelles. Her birthday is now celebrated as International CFS Awareness Day. [42], In the 1870s, Nightingale mentored Linda Richards, "America's first trained nurse", and enabled her to return to the United States with adequate training and knowledge to establish high-quality nursing schools. 1. Yet the real God is far more merciful than any human creature ever was or can ever imagine. John Wiley & Sons. Although she had been an invalid for a long time, rarely leaving her room, where she passed the time in a half-recumbent position and was under the constant care of a physician, her death was somewhat unexpected. The area in which the hospital lies in Derby has recently been referred to as the "Nightingale Quarter". [101] The Nightingale-Macmillan continuing care unit is now at the Royal Derby Hospital, formerly known as The City Hospital, Derby. 4.Waste disposal. [6], In 2002, Nightingale was ranked number 52 in the BBC's list of the 100 Greatest Britons following a UK-wide vote. In the introduction to the 1974 edition, Joan Quixley of the Nightingale School of Nursing wrote: "The book was the first of its kind ever to be written. [14], In Rome in 1847, she met Sidney Herbert, a politician who had been Secretary at War (1845–1846) who was on his honeymoon. In 1951, The Lady with a Lamp starred Anna Neagle. [34] The second wave, headed by Mary Francis Bridgeman met with a cooler reception as Bridgeman refused to give up her authority over her Sisters to Nightingale while at the same time not trusting Nightingale, whom she regarded as ambitious.[35][36]. [h] She would sometimes comfort those in her care with this view. [10][53], Nightingale's lasting contribution has been her role in founding the modern nursing profession. [116], Florence Nightingale's image appeared on the reverse of £10 Series D banknotes issued by the Bank of England from 1975 until 1994. [32] Nightingale reportedly wrote, "I had the greatest difficulty in repelling Mrs Seacole's advances, and in preventing association between her and my nurses (absolutely out of the question! Secondly, what is special about Florence Nightingale's lamp? [citation needed], A stained glass window was commissioned for inclusion in the DRI chapel in the late 1950s. [55] Her most beloved confidante was Mary Clarke, an Englishwoman she met in Paris in 1837 and kept in touch with throughout her life. [114], Portrayals of Nightingale on television, in documentary as in fiction, vary – the BBC's 2008 Florence Nightingale, featuring Laura Fraser,[115] emphasised her independence and feeling of religious calling, but in Channel 4's 2006 Mary Seacole: The Real Angel of the Crimea, she is portrayed as narrow-minded and opposed to Seacole's efforts. Nightingale and a staff she trained, were sent to care for wounded soldiers at the Ottoman Empire. Nightingale often carried the owl in her pocket, until the pet died (soon before Nightingale left for Crimea). [6], Nightingale made a comprehensive statistical study of sanitation in Indian rural life and was the leading figure in the introduction of improved medical care and public health service in India. Wrote letters to the families of soldiers in her care. Florence Nightingale's voice was saved for posterity in a phonograph recording from 1890 preserved in the British Library Sound Archive. 3. In her youth she was respectful of her family's opposition to her working as a nurse, only announcing her decision to enter the field in 1844. Florence was the first woman elected as a Fellow of the Royal Statistical Society in 1858 for her contributions to the army and hospital statistics. In 1860 she also opened The Nightingale Training School for Nurses at St. Thomas Hospital in London. _____________ is the "activities that promote health (as outlined in canons) which occur in any caregiving situation. And when epidemic disease shows itself, persons using such water are almost sure to suffer" (5 essential components of a healthy environment), "all the while the sewer maybe nothing but a laboratory from which epidemic disease and ill health is being installed into the house." Evangelical Lutheran Worship – Final Draft. [91], The Florence Nightingale Declaration Campaign,[92] established by nursing leaders throughout the world through the Nightingale Initiative for Global Health (NIGH), aims to build a global grassroots movement to achieve two United Nations Resolutions for adoption by the UN General Assembly of 2008. "[10][53][i][j], Despite her intense personal devotion to Christ, Nightingale believed for much of her life that the pagan and eastern religions had also contained genuine revelation. [27], During her first winter at Scutari, 4,077 soldiers died there. Nightingale called a compilation of such diagrams a "coxcomb", but later that term would frequently be used for the individual diagrams. Although not formally a Universalist by church membership, she had come of a Universalist family, was sympathetic to the tenets of the denomination, and has always been claimed by it. The recording, made in aid of the Light Brigade Relief Fund and available to hear online, says: When I am no longer even a memory, just a name, I hope my voice may perpetuate the great work of my life. [98], During the COVID-19 pandemic, a number of temporary NHS Nightingale Hospitals were set up in readiness for an expected rise in the number of patients needing critical care. God bless my dear old comrades of Balaclava and bring them safe to shore. Cassandra was a princess of Troy who served as a priestess in the temple of Apollo during the Trojan War. What are Florence Nightingales 3 greatest contributions? Her behaviour was said to be exasperating and eccentric and she had little respect for upper-class British women, whom she regarded generally as inconsequential. A week ago she was quite sick, but then improved and on Friday was cheerful. Her calling was to be a nurse, go heal the sick and help the others that were dying pass in peace. Nightingale was put in charge of nursing British and allied soldiers in Turkey during the Crimean War. [56], Some scholars of Nightingale's life believe that she remained chaste for her entire life, perhaps because she felt a religious calling to her career. [126], The first biography of Nightingale was published in England in 1855. [26] For example, Nightingale implemented handwashing and other hygiene practices in the war hospital in which she worked. 5. [127], Cecil Woodham-Smith, like Strachey, relied heavily on Cook's Life in her 1950 biography, though she did have access to new family material preserved at Claydon. Florence Nightingale - Florence Nightingale - Homecoming and legacy: Although primarily remembered for her accomplishments during the Crimean War, Nightingaleâs greatest achievements centred on attempts to create social reform in health care and nursing. (5 essential components of a healthy environment), "the usefulness of light in treating disease is very important." [108], When Nightingale moved on to the Crimea itself in May 1855, she often travelled on horseback to make hospital inspections. Practice (Importance of Environmental Theory). She and Florence were to remain close friends for 40 years despite their 27-year age difference. Despite her symptoms, she remained phenomenally productive in social reform. Despite her motherâs interest in social climbing, Florence herself was reportedly awkward in s⦠She was a strong opponent of discrimination both against Christians of different denominations, and against those of non-Christian religions. At the age of 24, she felt a calling to care for the sick and the poor. She first gained fame by leading a team of 38 nurses to staff an overseas hospital of the British army during the Crimean War. Florence Nightingale (12 May 1820 â 13 August 1910) was a nurse who contributed in developing and shaping the modern nursing practice and has set examples for nurses which are standards for todayâs profession. The treatment there was significantly less expensive than in Switzerland. In 2008, Mark Bostridge published a major new life of Nightingale, almost exclusively based on unpublished material from the Verney Collections at Claydon and from archival documents from about 200 archives around the world, some of which had been published by Lynn McDonald in her projected sixteen-volume edition of the Collected Works of Florence Nightingale (2001 to date). [45], In 1883, Nightingale became the first recipient of the Royal Red Cross. [13], Nightingale underwent the first of several experiences that she believed were calls from God in February 1837 while at Embley Park, prompting a strong desire to devote her life to the service of others. Florence was stubborn, opinionated and forthright but she had to be those things in order to achieve all that she did. The suggested new name will be either Nightingale Community Hospital or Florence Nightingale Community Hospital. In 1858 and 1859, she successfully lobbied for the establishment of a Royal Commission into the Indian situation. [125] Nightingale's note was in circulation alongside the images of Isaac Newton, William Shakespeare, Charles Dickens, Michael Faraday, Sir Christopher Wren, the Duke of Wellington and George Stephenson, and prior to 2002, other than the female monarchs, she was the only woman whose image had ever adorned British paper currency. Florence also helped establish The Royal Commission on the Health of the British Army in India. [62] A memorial monument to Nightingale was created in Carrara marble by Francis William Sargant in 1913 and placed in the cloister of the Basilica of Santa Croce, in Florence, Italy. Her most persistent suitor was the politician and poet Richard Monckton Milnes, but after a nine-year courtship she rejected him, convinced that marriage would interfere with her ability to follow her calling to nursing. And flit from room to room. She wrote very little during that period due to blindness and declining mental abilities, though she still retained an interest in current affairs. A lady with a lamp I see [70] Following the report The Royal Commission on India (1858–1863), which included drawings done by her cousin, artist Hilary Bonham Carter, with whom Nightingale had lived,[e] Nightingale concluded that the health of the army and the people of India had to go hand in hand and so campaigned to improve the sanitary conditions of the country as a whole. [7] In recognition of her pioneering work in nursing, the Nightingale Pledge taken by new nurses, and the Florence Nightingale Medal, the highest international distinction a nurse can achieve, were named in her honour, and the annual International Nurses Day is celebrated on her birthday. [31] Nightingale told her brother-in-law, in a private letter, that she was worried about contact between her work and Seacole's business, claiming that while “she was very kind to the men and, what is more, to the Officers – and did some good (she) made many drunk”. Contributions to Nursing Clearly, that hospital was not a place that could promote healing. In 2006, the Japanese public ranked Nightingale number 17 in The Top 100 Historical Persons in Japan.
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